8. Review.

You will have to complete 1 task in this chapter.

This chapter will review all the materials that have been provided.

Reminder: Through the first few chapters, you should have acknowledged the turtle’s default direction and some common commands. Here are some of the commands and techniques that you have learnt.

Purpose	Command
Import Python turtle graphic.	import turtle
Create a name for your turtle.	name = turtle.Turtle()
Choosing a shape. if you skip the command choosing a shape for your turtle then your turtle shape will automatically be an arrow.	name.shape(‘shape’) You have to replace ‘shape’ by one of these shapes: arrow, circle, square, triangle or turtle.
Choosing a color if you skip the command choosing a color for your turtle then your turtle color will automatically be black.	name.color(‘color’) You have to replace ‘color’ by the color that you wish to.
Setting a default location to (0,0)	name.goto(0,0)
Setting a background If you don’t want to have background image for your turtle, please skip this part.
Call the screen function.	screen=turtle.Screen().
Set background to the picture that you like.	screen.bgpic(“picture_file”) Click to the image icon and look at 3 images that it contains. Replace ‘picture_file’ with the image file that you like.
Movement commands
Make the turtle goes forward in the current direction.	turtle.forward(steps)
Turns the turtle to the left direction in number degrees.	turtle.left(degrees)
Turns the turtle to the right direction in number degrees.	turtle.right(degrees)
Pointing a variable to an object.	variable = object The object can be in any type: integer, decimal, list, etc.
Setting turtle pen to a color	turtle. pencolor('color') Replace ‘color’ by a color that you want.
Make the turtle goes backward in the current direction	turtle.backward(steps) Replace “steps” by an integer.
Draw a semi circle	turtle.circle(radius, 180) Replace radius by either a decimal or an integer. 180 is fixed for SEMI-CIRCLE only.
Draw a circle	turtle.circle(radius) Replace radius by either a decimal or an integer.
The general while loop is: n = a while n < c: code chunk n = n + b	The general for loop is: for i inrange(i): code chunk

Task: Draw a shape that looks exactly like the image below. The color of each shape depends on you.

You will need to write:

2 while loops to draw the pentagon and the hexagon.
2 for loop to draw the square and the triangle.

Instructions:

Step 1: set up your turtle:
1. Name your turtle.
2. Pen up your turtle.
3. Set the location of your turtle to -200 and 0.
4. Pen down your turtle.
5. Pick a length for all of your edges by using the similar syntax when you did for the square in the chapter 3. Notice that all the edges in the following shapes: the triangle, the pentagon, the hexagon and the square are the same.
  Please take the length of 50.
Step 2: draw triangle head
1. Set your turtle pen color to green
2. Move your turtle to the left for 30 degrees.
3. Write the for loop to draw the triangle:
  - There are 3 edges in the triangle, therefore, “i” here should be 3
  - The code chunk should contain 2 lines of code
    - Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
    - Turn your turtle to the right for 120 degrees.
Step 3: Draw the neck of the snake (the black square):
1. Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
2. Turn your turtle to the right for 30 degrees
3. Change your turtle pen color to black.
4. Write the for loop to draw the square:
  1. There are 4 edges in the square, therefore, “i” here should be 4.
  2. The code chunk should contain 2 lines of code.
    - Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
    - Turn your turtle to the right for 90 degrees.
Step 4: Draw the first hexagon along with triangle features:
1. Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
2. Change your turtle pen color to red.
3. Turn your turtle to the left for 90 degrees.
4. Use while loop to draw hexagon:
  - “a” should start at 0.
  - “c” should be 6 since there are 6 edges in the hexagon.
  - There should be 3 lines of code below the while command:
    - Turn your turtle to the right for 60 degrees.
    - Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1
    - Increase “n” by 1, which means “b” = 1.
5. Change your turtle pen color to yellow.
6. Turn your turtle to the right for 120 degrees.
7. Repeat the for loop that draw the triangle in step 2.
8. Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
9. Turn your turtle to the left for 60 degrees.
10. Repeat the for loop that draw the triangle in step 2.
Step 5: Draw the second hexagon along with triangle features:
1. Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
2. Change your turtle pen color to red.
3. Turn your turtle to the left for 60 degrees.
4. Repeat the while loop that draws the hexagon in step 4.
5. Change your turtle pen color to yellow.
6. Turn your turtle to the right for 120 degrees.
7. Repeat the for loop that draw the triangle in step 2
8. Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
9. Turn your turtle to the left for 60 degrees.
10. Repeat the for loop that draw the triangle in step 2.
Step 6: Draw the tail of the snake (which is the orange pentagon):
1. Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
2. Turn your turtle to the right for 12 degrees.
3. Change your turtle pen color to orange.
4. Use while loop to draw the pentagon:
  - “a” should start at 0.
  - “c” should be 5 since there are 5 edges in the hexagon.
  - There should be 3 lines of code below the while command:
    - Make your turtle goes forward by the length you have set up in step 1.
    - Turn your turtle to the right for 72 degrees.
    - Increase “n” by 1, which means “b” = 1.

NOW PLEASE COMPLETE THE TASK !

# This solution will draw out a snake that look exactly like the provided image.
x = 90
my_turtle = turtle.Turtle()
my_turtle.penup()
my_turtle.goto(-300,0)
my_turtle.pendown()
my_turtle.pensize(5)
my_turtle.shape('turtle')
my_turtle.color('green')
## draw the head
my_turtle.pencolor('green')
my_turtle.left(30)
for i in range(3):
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(120)'

## draw the neck
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(30)
my_turtle.pencolor('black')
for i in range(4):
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(90)

## first body
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.pencolor('red')
my_turtle.left(90)
i = 0
while i < 6:
my_turtle.right(60)
my_turtle.forward(x)
i+= 1

my_turtle.pencolor('yellow')
my_turtle.right(120)
for i in range(3):
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(120)'
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.left(60)
for i in range(3):
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(120)'

## second body
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.pencolor('red')
my_turtle.left(60)
i = 0
while i < 6:
my_turtle.right(60)
my_turtle.forward(x)
i+= 1

my_turtle.pencolor('yellow')
my_turtle.right(120)
for i in range(3):
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(120)
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.left(60)
for i in range(3):
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(120)

## tail
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(12)
my_turtle.pencolor('orange')
i = 0
while i < 5:
my_turtle.forward(x)
my_turtle.right(72)
i+=1

from browser import document
import turtle
turtle.set_defaults(
turtle_canvas_wrapper = document['turtle-div1'])

# DO NOT DELETE ABOVE THIS LINE
######## Write your code below

name = turtle.Turtle()
name.shape("turtle")
name.color("red")

# DO NOT DELETE BELOW THIS LINE
turtle.done()

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Python Turtle Graphics

8. Review.

Task: Draw a shape that looks exactly like the image below. The color of each shape depends on you.

Instructions:

Step 1: set up your turtle:

Step 2: draw triangle head

Step 3: Draw the neck of the snake (the black square):

Step 4: Draw the first hexagon along with triangle features:

Step 5: Draw the second hexagon along with triangle features:

Step 6: Draw the tail of the snake (which is the orange pentagon):

Congratulations! you finish